假期最后一天查了一下美国那个《反犹主义意识法案》_风闻

法案全称是Antisemitism Awareness Act。

法案本身只有6页，文字很简单，看不出那么多内容，主要的钉子埋在第三款和第四款的规定里：

SEC. 3. FINDINGS. 

Congress finds the following: 

(1) Antisemitism is on the rise in the United 13 States and is impacting Jewish students in K–12 

14 schools, colleges, and universities. 

(2) The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (referred to in this Act as the ‘‘IHRA’’)

Working Definition of Antisemitism is a vital tool which helps individuals understand and identify the

various manifestations of antisemitism.

……

SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. 

For purposes of this Act, the term ‘‘definition of anti19 semitism’’—

(1) means the definition of antisemitism adopted on May 26, 2016, by the IHRA, of which the United States is a member, which definition has

been adopted by the Department of State; and

(2) includes the ‘‘[c]ontemporary examples of antisemitism’’ identified in the IHRA definition.

也就是说这个IHRA有关反犹主义的现行定义及其示例是该法案的立法基础。

大家笑的也是这个定义下面列举的十三个反犹主义的表现例子。

查IHRA Antisemitism Working Definition (report-it.org.uk)，具体如下：

Contemporary examples of antisemitism in public life, the media, schools, the workplace, and in the religious sphere could, taking into account the overall context, include, but are not limited to: 

▪ Calling for, aiding, or justifying the killing or harming of Jews in the name of a radical ideology or an extremist view of religion. 

▪ Making mendacious, dehumanizing, demonizing, or stereotypical allegations about Jews as such or the power of Jews as collective — such as, especially but not exclusively, the myth about a world Jewish conspiracy or of Jews controlling the media, economy, government or other societal institutions. 

▪ Accusing Jews as a people of being responsible for real or imagined wrongdoing committed by a single Jewish person or group, or even for acts committed by non-Jews. 

▪ Denying the fact, scope, mechanisms (e.g. gas chambers) or intentionality of the genocide of the Jewish people at the hands of National Socialist Germany and its supporters and accomplices during World War II (the Holocaust). 

▪ Accusing the Jews as a people, or Israel as a state, of inventing or exaggerating the Holocaust. 

▪ Accusing Jewish citizens of being more loyal to Israel, or to the alleged priorities of Jews worldwide, than to the interests of their own nations.

▪ Denying the Jewish people their right to self-determination, e.g., by claiming that the existence of a State of Israel is a racist endeavor. 

▪ Applying double standards by requiring of it a behavior not expected or demanded of any other democratic nation. 

▪ Using the symbols and images associated with classic antisemitism (e.g., claims of Jews killing Jesus or blood libel) to characterize Israel or Israelis.

▪ Drawing comparisons of contemporary Israeli policy to that of the Nazis.

▪ Holding Jews collectively responsible for actions of the state of Israel.

X上有翻译，转过来：

1）以激进意识形态或极端宗教观的名义呼吁、协助或为杀害或伤害犹太人辩护。 

2）对犹太人本身或犹太人作为集体的权力做出虚假、非人性、妖魔化或陈规定型的指控，例如，特别但不限于关于世界犹太人阴谋或犹太人控制媒体、经济、政府或其他社会的神话机构。 

3）指责犹太人作为一个民族对单个犹太人或群体所犯下的真实或想象的不当行为负责，甚至对非犹太人所犯下的行为负责。 

4）否认二战期间国家社会主义德国及其支持者和同谋对犹太人进行种族灭绝的事实、范围、机制（例如毒气室）或故意性（大屠杀） 

5）指责犹太人作为一个民族，或以色列作为一个国家，发明或夸大了大屠杀。 

6）指责犹太公民更忠于以色列，或者更忠于全世界犹太人所谓的优先事项，而不是他们自己国家的利益。 

7）否认犹太人民的自决权，例如声称以色列国的存在是种族主义行为。 

8）采用双重标准，要求其采取任何其他民主国家都没有期望或要求的行为。 

9）使用与经典反犹太主义相关的符号和图像（例如，犹太人杀害耶稣的说法或血腥诽谤）来描述以色列或以色列人。 

10）将当代以色列的政策与纳粹的政策进行比较。 

11）让犹太人对以色列国的行为集体负责。

结论：单就法案本身而言内容很平常，法案也没有一个字一个字地转录这个定义及其举例。但这个事儿不能细究，细究下去就很荒诞。。。IHRA原来自己说这个定义是non-binding的。现在好了，美国人给它法律化了。往好了说这是犹太人寄生盎萨取得的重大进展，往坏了说这是盎萨把犹太人架到火上烤的重要一步。

希望以色列人好自为之吧，希望犹太人好自为之吧。

留个记号。