斗转星移换了新颜！美国网友:在中国时,你对他们的贫困水平有何反应_风闻

美国网友问：在访问中国时，你对他们惊人的贫困水平有何反应？

上个世纪，一些发达国家的记者前来中国进行了考察拍摄，将中国人的状况一一记录在册，在他们所拍摄的照片中，中国人几乎都是面黄肌瘦，营养不良。这些记者将这些照片带回国内，很多外国人看后都印象深刻，以至于一想起中国，就会想到那些在战争中苟延残喘的国人。在国外很多论坛上，评论者都认为中国目前处于落后状态，甚至提出各种各样的奇葩言论，比如问中国有电、汽车、公路、因特网等等司空见惯的东西吗？这让人摸不着头脑。还有美国人问：在访问中国时，你对惊人的贫困水平有何反应？我们看看各国网友的回答。

海外网友Really Wu的回答

When I first came to China, I was almost shocked by the poverty and social problems in this country. It’s hard to imagine there are so many homeless people in this self proclaimed strong country, and the drug problem seems to be very serious. I’ll show you a photo.

当我第一次来到中国的时候，我几乎被这个国家的贫困和社会问题震惊了，很难想象在这个自称强大的国家里有这么多无家可归的人，而且毒品问题似乎也很严重。我拿张照片给你看看。

Looking at this picture, it is shocking that China’s subway or train stations are almost occupied by homeless people.

看这张图片，令人震惊的是，中国的地铁或火车站几乎被无家可归的人占据。

There are also homeless people under the bridge in Shanghai.

在上海的桥下也有无家可归的人。

This picture shows that young people in China can hardly find jobs, and when homeless people ask for money, it indicates that the country has no future.

这张图片显示，中国的年轻人几乎找不到工作，当无家可归的人要钱时，这表明这个国家没有未来。

As shown in the figure below, it is ironic that the tents of homeless people on Beijing Road are still covered with national flags.

如下图所示，具有讽刺意味的是，北京路上流浪汉的帐篷里仍然挂满了国旗。

Outside the brightly lit Chinese restaurant in Guangzhou, homeless people crowded around trash cans, with no human rights for both black and white people.

在灯火通明的广州中餐馆外，无家可归的人挤在垃圾桶旁，无论是黑人还是白人，都没有人权可言。

In the picture below, the streets of Shenzhen are filled with drug addicts.

下图里，深圳的街道上到处都是瘾君子。

Looking at the last picture, Chinese people are filled with walking corpses everywhere. It may be because they are not full, or they are too common in traditional Chinese medicine, or both. Beside the busy traffic, the poor in China are starving on the roadside.

看看最后一张图，中国人到处是行尸走肉，可能是他们吃不饱，或者是他们在中药中太普遍，或者两者兼而有之。在繁忙的交通旁边，中国的穷人正在路边挨饿。

Let’s end with this, as we can see from the picture above, China is a despairing country that disregards the life and death of its lower class people. Ironically, this country is proud of its strength. Seeing such a China, the future will definitely belong to the United States, please rest assured.

让我们以此结束，正如我们从上面的图片中看到的那样，中国是一个绝望的国家，不顾底层人民的生死，讽刺的是，这个国家以强大为荣。看到这样的中国，未来一定是属于美国的，请放心。

Just kidding, the picture above comes from big cities in the Americas such as New York, Boston, and San Francisco.

开个玩笑，上面的现象和图片全部来自纽约、波士顿、旧金山等美洲大城市。

海外网友Mia Brown的回答

Let’s talk about rural China, which is usually considered the poorest part of the country. When I visit rural China, I often feel very shocked. I cover my mouth to prevent myself from crying - it’s just an exaggeration. What I want to say is that the changes in rural China are much faster and more comprehensive than I imagined, which left a deep impression on me.

让我们来谈谈中国的农村，那里通常被认为是这个国家最贫穷的地方。当我访问中国农村的时候，我经常感到非常震惊，我捂住嘴不让自己哭出来——这只是一种夸张，我想说的是，中国农村的变化比我想象的要迅速和全面得多，这让我印象深刻。

I often feel that although some people live in cities, they are not as wealthy as those living in rural areas, haha. I have seen farmers with thousands of sheep and hundreds of acres of farmland being automated and mechanized for farming. Oh my god! I need to reflect on how long it has been since I went to the countryside. In addition, many rural areas now have e-commerce bases. Farmers sell fruits, vegetables, and specialty products from rural areas through the internet. I have bought their honey and eggs, to be honest, they are more delicious than those in the supermarket.

我经常觉得，虽然有些人生活在城市，但他们并不像那些生活在农村的人那样富有，哈哈。我看到过有成千上万只羊的农民和几百英亩的农田实现自动化和机械化耕作，天啊? !我需要反思一下我多长时间没有去农村了。此外，许多农村地区现在都有电子商务基地。农民通过互联网销售来自农村地区的水果、蔬菜和特产。我买过他们的蜂蜜和鸡蛋，说实话，它们比超市里的好吃。

Once, I was invited to a village in southern China. I don’t remember its name, but it’s so beautiful. The place we went to was a farmhouse. There are patches of rapeseed flowers nearby. We pick fruits from the trees ourselves and fish together. If this is the rural area of China, I am willing to live in the countryside for a lifetime!! I heard from a friend that many scenic rural areas have developed a tourism economy, and many people go on vacation every year. Therefore, rural areas have also developed well, and the people living there are very wealthy. As for poverty, China has not felt this way for many years, haha.

有一次，我应邀去中国南方的一个村庄。我不记得它的名字，但它是如此美丽。我们去的地方是一个农舍。附近有一片片油菜花。我们自己从树上摘水果，一起钓鱼。如果这就是中国的农村，我愿意一辈子都住在农村!!我听朋友说，现在很多风景优美的农村地区都发展了旅游经济，每年都有很多人去度假。因此，农村地区也发展得很好，生活在那里的人很富有。至于贫穷，中国已经很多年没有这样的感觉了，哈哈。

美国网友皮特•艾洛特的回答

Poverty eradication has been one of the main tasks of the China since its founding. Since 1978, China has lifted over 750 million people out of poverty. This alone accounts for 50% of the global impoverished population.

消除贫困是中华人民共和国成立以来的主要任务之一。自1978年以来，中国使7.5亿多人摆脱了贫困。仅这一项就占全球贫困人口的50%。

A remarkable achievement. Although poverty alleviation is a task that many developed countries, including the United States, are still working hard on, China has vowed to end absolute poverty on the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC (2021).

一个了不起的成就。虽然扶贫是包括美国在内的许多发达国家仍在努力的任务，但中国却发誓要在中国共产党成立100周年(2021年)结束绝对贫困。

The absolute poverty rate calculated based on the international poverty line (below $1.90 per day). Interestingly, China’s absolute poverty rate is lower than that of Western countries such as Spain, Italy, and the United States. Source: Wikipedia

根据国际贫困线(每天1.90美元以下)计算的绝对贫困人口比率。有趣的是，中国的绝对贫困人口比例低于西班牙、意大利和美国等西方国家。资料来源:维基百科

The national poverty line is different from the international poverty line - its requirements are actually higher.

国家贫困线与国际贫困线不一样——它的要求实际上更高。

How is poverty alleviation work carried out in China?

中国的扶贫工作是如何开展的?

According to the regulations of the Chinese government, a person can be considered to be lifted out of poverty if they meet all the following conditions:

根据中国政府的规定，一个人如果符合以下所有条件，就可以被视为脱贫:

1. Income above the national poverty line is $3.2 per day. In contrast, the international poverty line set by the World Bank is $1.9 per day. Both are adjusted based on purchasing power parity (2011);

1. 收入高于国家贫困线每天3.2美元。相比之下，世界银行设定的国际贫困线是每天1.9美元。两者均按购买力平价(2011年)进行调整;

2. Must live in a decent house with electricity and running water;

2. 必须住在像样的房子里，有电、自来水;

3. Every child should go to school; Non literate adults also need basic education.

3.每个孩子都应该去上学;不识字的成年人也需要基础教育。

Ensure that all the work required for these three points falls on the shoulders of the poverty alleviation commissioner. They voluntarily left their hometown to help people escape poverty. Therefore, they need to do various tasks, from building modern houses to teaching basic hygiene knowledge.

确保这三点所需要做的所有工作都落在扶贫专员的肩上。他们自愿远离家乡，帮助人们摆脱贫困。因此，他们需要做各种各样的任务，从建造现代房屋到教授基本卫生知识。

As people speculate, this is also a dangerous job. Nearly 800 commissioners have died on duty, but their achievements are incredible.

正如人们所猜测的那样，这也是一份危险的工作。已经有近800名委员因公殉职，但他们的成果令人难以置信。

From 1978 to 2017, China achieved results in eradicating poverty in rural areas. Source: UNICEF

从1978年到2017年，中国在农村地区消除贫困方面取得了成果。资料来源:联合国儿童基金会

Ensuring that people do not return to poverty is the most important part.

确保人们不再返贫，这是最重要的部分。

The methods of poverty alleviation in China are effective, especially due to long-term planning. Providing subsidies solely for survival is not enough. Otherwise, once subsidies are abolished, people will once again fall into poverty.

中国消除贫困的方法是有效的，特别是由于长期规划。仅仅为生存提供补贴是不够的。否则，一旦取消补贴，人们就会再次陷入贫困。

The Chinese government believes that the foundation for eradicating poverty is education.

中国政府认为，消除贫困的基础是教育。

For this reason, committee members need to ensure that children attend school instead of working in the fields, for example. Adults must also receive some basic education.

出于这个原因，委员们需要确保孩子们上学，而不是在田地里工作，例如。成年人也必须接受一些基本的教育。

In order to achieve this, they combined economic assistance with support for the adoption of new technologies, especially in agriculture. For example, schools provide lunch for children in the poorest areas. Some Parent–teacher conference send them to school just to have a free meal.

为了做到这一点，他们将经济援助和支持采用新技术结合起来，特别是在农业方面。例如，学校为最贫困地区的儿童提供午餐。一些家长会送他们去学校只是为了吃一顿免费的饭。

Although the epidemic has not made things easier, China is likely to complete this task on time.

虽然疫情并没有让事情变得更容易，但中国很有可能按时完成这项工作。

德国网友科莫的回答

China’s poverty is very similar to that of the United States tens years ago.

中国的贫困曾与美国几十年前的贫困非常相似。

Have you watched “Little House on the Grassland”? The Ingalls family is very poor. They live in a small wooden house with no electricity or running water. The children attend a rural school with only one classroom and one teacher. A year of poor harvest will bring the family to the brink of bankruptcy. But they generally hold an optimistic attitude towards the future.

你看过《草原上的小房子》吗?英格尔斯一家很穷。他们住在一间小木屋里，没有电也没有自来水。孩子们上的是只有一个教室和一个老师的乡村学校。一年的歉收会使这个家庭濒临破产。但他们对未来普遍持乐观态度。

China’s poverty is like this. What you may not realize is that compared to the United States, China only has a thin, fragmented, and flat land on the East Coast. The rest are mostly deserts, high-altitude plateaus, and mountain ranges. China has a population of 1.4 billion, more than four times that of the United States, which means there are thousands of people living and farming in mountainous areas that the United States refuses to live in.

中国的贫困就是这样。你可能没有意识到的是，与美国相比，中国只有一片薄薄的、破碎的、平坦的东海岸土地。其余大部分是沙漠、高海拔高原和山脉。中国有14亿人口，是美国的4倍多，这意味着有成千上万的人，在美国都不肯居住的山区生活和耕种。

Guizhou Province is one of the poorest provinces in China, with fragmented terrain and rugged mountains. There is a joke in China that says there is no 3-inch flat land in that province, but there are 35 million people living there.

贵州省是中国最贫穷的省份之一，地形破碎，山地崎岖。中国有个笑话，说在那个省找不到3英寸的平地，但那里有3500万人居住。

This type of terraced field is a common sight on the rolling mountains. This may be picturesque, but for self-sufficient agriculture, it is basically a difficult task. For a long time, there was not enough land on the plains to feed China’s population, so people have been planting grains on the marginal land for at least 1000 years. Due to geological limitations, modern mechanized agricultural equipment cannot be used, which means that agriculture is mainly completed by hand and handheld tools.

这种梯田是连绵起伏的山脉上常见的景象。这里可能风景如画，但对于自给自足的农业来说，这基本上是一项艰苦的工作。在很长一段时间里，平原上没有足够的土地来养活中国的人口，所以人们长期以来一直在边缘土地上种植谷物(即至少1000多年)。由于地质条件的限制，现代机械化农业设备无法使用，这意味着农业主要是用手和手持工具完成的。

Part of the reason why China has the highest bridge in the world is due to its geological reality. The best way to get there is to jump from the top of the mountain through a high bridge, rather than crossing turbulent rapids and climbing steep cliffs.

中国拥有世界上最高桥梁的部分原因是由于中国的地质现实，到达那里的最佳方式是通过高桥从山顶跳到山顶，而不是穿过汹涌的急流和攀登陡峭的悬崖。

Some communities in the United States live on subsistence agriculture or hunting, such as some villages in Alaska, where the per capita GDP is only 3000 to 4000 dollars per year. The old town of Laura Ingalls, Walnut Grove, Minnesota, still has a per capita income of around $15000, and 10% of the population lives below the poverty line. But in most cases, small farmers like Ingel are behind us. Most small farms were sold to large conglomerates like Archer Daniels Midland, while the “Ingalls family” moved to town 100 years ago to work as teachers or mechanics. This is the process that China is currently undergoing.

美国有一些社区以自给自足的农业或狩猎为生，比如阿拉斯加的一些村庄，那里的人均GDP每年只有3000到4000美元。劳拉·英格尔斯(Laura Ingalls)的老城区，明尼苏达州的核桃格罗夫(Walnut Grove)，人均收入仍在1.5万美元左右，10%的人口生活在贫困线以下。但在大多数情况下，像英格尔这样的小农在我们身后。大多数小农场都卖给了像阿彻丹尼尔斯米德兰这样的大企业集团，而“英格尔斯家族”在100年前就搬到了镇上，从事教师或机械师之类的工作。这是中国目前正在经历的过程。

The difference is that China developed relatively late, so she has the opportunity to see how other countries have achieved it and learn from experience. One thing she learned from observing the formation of slums in developed countries is that a farmer who owns his own land can always support himself (think of the Great Depression, for example), but a city resident who loses his job will overnight go to the streets. So China does not allow independent farmers to sell their land. They can “lease” their land to others for management, gain the benefits of labor scale, and enter the city as salaried workers to earn high wages, but if something goes wrong, they will not be trapped in urban slums. Their land is their ‘annuity’, at least they won’t go hungry.

不同的是，中国发展较晚，所以她有机会看到其他国家是如何做到的，并从经验中学习。她从观察发达国家贫民窟的形成过程中学到的一件事是，一个拥有自己土地的农民总能养活自己(比如，想想大萧条时期)，但一个城市居民，如果他失去了工作，就会一夜之间流落街头。所以中国不允许独立的农民出售他们的土地。他们可以把土地“租”出去给别人管理，获得劳动力规模的好处，而自己可以作为受薪工人进入城市赚取高工资，但如果出了问题，他们不会被困在城市贫民窟里。他们的土地是他们的“年金”，至少他们不会挨饿。

So the poor may be poorer in China than in the United States (more than 82 million people live on less than $1 a day in China), but they are part of the “mainstream”, so the result is that if you are a very poor farmer in China, you still have your own land, and you have a bank account in the Agricultural Bank of China to buy seeds, fertilizers and basic living expenses, Every year, it will appear directly on your bank account from the government like a clock.

因此穷人可能在中国比在美国更穷的(超过8200万中国每天生活费不足1美元),但他们是“主流”的一部分,所以结果是，在中国，如果你是一个非常贫穷的农民，你仍然拥有自己的土地，你在中国农业银行有一个银行账户，用于购买种子、化肥和基本生活费用的钱，每年都会像时钟一样从政府那里直接出现在你的银行账户上。

Your child is free from high school to high school, except for free boarding at school. Students who excel academically can earn their doctoral degrees all the way through scholarships. You will enjoy basic medical care for free, and when you are really old, you can go to a nursing home. You still have to work hard to support yourself, but there is a feeling that rural poverty is transitional. People moving to cities will earn more money in the future. China has stated its plan to lift everyone out of poverty within six years.

你的孩子从高中到高中都是免费的，除了在学校免费寄宿外。学术上表现优异的学生可以靠奖学金一路拿到博士学位。你将免费享受基本的医疗保健，当你真的很老的时候，你可以去养老院。你仍然要努力工作养活自己，但有一种感觉，农村的贫困是过渡性的。人们搬到城市，将来会赚更多的钱。中国表示计划在六年内让所有人摆脱贫困。

1. Government attention

1. 政府的关注

China has poverty alleviation work requirements from the central to local levels, which will be included in the assessment standards for officials. Officials who do not perform well in their work cannot be promoted or even dismissed.

中国从中央到地方都有扶贫工作要求，这些要求将纳入对官员的考核标准，工作做得不好的官员不能晋升甚至撤职。

2. Specific policies

2. 具体的政策

2.1 Industrial support refers to supporting industries that can develop in poverty-stricken areas through measures such as attracting investment, setting up factories in poverty-stricken areas, and providing tax exemptions and other benefits.

2.1产业扶持，即通过招商引资倾向等措施，扶持贫困地区能够发展起来的产业，到贫困地区设厂，给予税收减免等优惠。

2.2 Education support is to help impoverished populations acquire corresponding skills by offering various agricultural skill training courses, agricultural courses, and worker courses.

2.2教育支持是通过开办各种农业技能培训班、农业课程和工人课程，帮助贫困人口获得相应的技能。

2.3 Improve the environment by building railways, highways, and improving transportation to reduce production costs in impoverished areas and make their products more competitive.

2.3改善环境，通过修建铁路、公路、改善交通等措施，降低贫困地区的生产成本，使其产品更具竞争力。

2.4 Migration: For those areas that are indeed too remote, such as high mountains, the government takes migration measures to relocate these people to places with convenient transportation, allocate land, and arrange for them to enter factories.

2.4迁移，对于那些确实太偏远的地区，比如高山，政府采取迁移措施，将这些人迁移到交通便利的地方，分配土地，安排他们进入工厂。

2.5 Factory Placement: Some young people from impoverished areas receive training and are placed in factories in industrialized areas.

2.5工厂安置:一些来自贫困地区的年轻人接受培训，并被安置在工业化地区的工厂。

But internationally, the West often deliberately distorts these views. For example, the migration of ethnic minorities from some remote areas to places with convenient transportation is stigmatized as an extermination policy. Providing Chinese training to ethnic minorities (because most Chinese speak Chinese, if you can’t speak Chinese and can’t communicate with most people, your job opportunities will be less) is accused of Cultural genocide, which is ridiculous.

但在国际上，西方经常故意歪曲这些观点。例如，少数民族从一些偏远地区迁移到交通方便的地方被污蔑为一种灭绝政策。向少数民族提供汉语培训(因为绝大多数中国人说汉语，如果你不会说汉语，无法与大多数人交流，你的工作机会就少了)被指责为文化灭绝，这可太荒谬了。

来源: 老表社会观