【翻译】为什么中国治下的和平（Pax Sinica）比美国治下的和平更好?_风闻

Xamba Yangzoim

Armchair General (2015-present)

夸夸其谈（2015年至今）

我认为，如果美国退出而由中国接手这个世界，对世界上的普通公民来说将是相当好的。另一方面，对于那些挑起冲突，靠从别人的眼泪和鲜血中牟利的人来说，则是相当糟糕的。

因为东西方在心态、世界观、治理世界的方式等方面存在较大的差异。

-

**欧洲人：**在过去两千年的大部分时间里，欧洲人都沉浸在犹太教和基督教这样的一神教之中。善与恶，对与错的问题是如此重要，以至于传教成了他们的第二天性。尽管欧洲人或西方人现在不那么信教了，但同样的思想还是被延续到了其他问题上，比如独|裁与民|主、GC|主义与资本主义这样的概念。因此，在这种二分法的世界观中，你“要么支持我们，要么就是反对我们”。

只要这种心态不改变，战争就不可避免。在中世纪，我们有类似十字军东征这样的宗教战争。最近，我们在朝鲜和越南打过意识形态战争。而在当今时代，我们正在开启向世界的黑暗角落输出自|由和民|主的战争。

西方相信先发制人的战争，因为他们认为一旦他们的生活方式被传播到世界各地，世界将从此和平，每个人都可以幸福地生活。

但现实的情况大不相同。世界上存在许多文化和民族，西方只能消灭像美国印第安人这样的弱者。而像伊|斯|兰世界这样强大的对手将会与西方展开激烈的斗争，并引发一场又一场战争。由于西方希望通过战争带来和平，世界将变得更加暴力。

而且，一旦每个人都接受了西方的生活方式，这个世界就会和平的想法也是一种幻觉。第二次世界大战就是在欧洲国家之间进行的，对基督教的共同信仰并没有阻止天主教徒与新教徒之间的血腥冲突，也没有阻止浸礼会教徒、摩门教徒和耶和华见证人之间的分歧。

由于这种对布道的执着，西方管理的世界是一个充满流血冲突的世界。

 -

**中国：**中国人基本上是无神论者，他们没有善恶对立，没有福音可传。在中国人看来，一切事物都处在两个极端之间，他们厌恶走极端。因此，他们没有征服世界的欲望。

中国人是世俗的，喜欢赚钱和过美好的生活，这就是为什么中国认为和平与和谐是最高的美德。战争只会带来毁灭，他们的梦想是不战而胜。所以，中国倾向于使用外交手段而不是暴力来解决问题。

中国想通过销售更多的产品和更昂贵的产品来赚更多的钱，这意味着买家也需要有钱。因此，中国想帮助别人致富并在同时帮助自己。毕竟，占世界20%的人口不太可能生活得比世界平均水平好很多，这促使中国提出“一带一路”战略，使世界普通公民变得更加富裕。

当世界上的普通公民，尤其是经济贫困地区的年轻人有更多的机会通过自己的劳动改善生活时，他们就不太可能把自己的生命奉献给原教旨主义、狂热主义和恐怖主义，世界上的冲突将会减少并成为一个更加和平的地方。这就是中国人打击恐怖主义的方式，它不如美国的“震慑与敬畏”的方式动静大，但它将更为治本和持久。

 -

另一个值得一提的鲜明对比是种族认同与文化认同。我们必须承认，各国人民之间确实存在分歧。西方倾向于认为这种差异是种族造成的，因此是不可改变的。种族主义在美国存在了240年之后仍然存在，这一事实证明了这种看法。

而另一方面，中国人不是一个单一的种族，南北方的汉人差异很大，一个来自中国东北的人和一个来自广东的人长相有很大的区别，说话也不一样，行为也不一样，但他们属于同一个种族。因此，中国人的身份不是基于种族而是基于文化。

文化认同比种族认同具有更强的同化力，这就是为什么尽管中国幅员辽阔，生活在不同地区的人民有着巨大的差异，但它是一个统一的国家。

举个例子：满族人在入侵中国之前，无论是口头语言还是书面语言、服饰还是风俗习惯都与中国人截然不同。但两百年后，他们和中国人就没什么区别了。

-

.

原文较长有删节，查看更多译文可点击：樱落网

.

-

原文：

Xamba Yangzoim, Armchair General (2015-present)

Originally Answered: If China becomes the sole superpower in the world, how would the world become different from today?

I think if the U.S. withdrew from the world and China took over, it will be quite good for the average citizen of the world. On the other hand, it will be quite bad for people who instigate conflicts and profit from other people’s tear and blood.

There is a large difference in the mentality, worldview, and the way to govern the world between the east and the west.

Europeans: During most time in last two millennia, the Europeans were immersed in monotheistic Judeo-Christianity. The issue of good vs evil, the right vs wrong is so important that evangelism becomes their second nature. Although Europeans or westerners are less religious now, the same mentality is carried over onto other issues such as dictatorship vs democracy, communism vs capitalism. Therefore in this dichotomic worldview, “you are either with us or against us”.

As long as this mentality does not change, war is inevitable. In medieval times we had religious wars like crusade. In the recent past, we had ideological wars fought in Korea and Vietnam. In current times, we have wars of exporting freedom and democracy to dark corners of the world.

The west believes in preemptive war because they thought once their way of life is spread out across the world, the world peace will reign supreme, and everyone can live happily ever after.

The reality is very different. There are many cultures and peoples in the world. The west can only eliminate the weak ones such as American Indians. But the strong ones such as Islamic world will put up a fierce fight. War begets wars. The world will be more violent due to the desire of the west to bring peace through wars.

Also this notion that the world will be peaceful once every people adopted western way of life is an illusion. WW2 was fought among European nations. The common belief in christianity did not prevent the bloody conflicts of catholics vs protestants, or the disagreement between baptists, Mormons, and Jehovah’s Witness.

The world managed by the West is a world full of bloodshed due to this single-minded evangelism.

China: Chinese are largely atheists. There is no good and evil. There is no gospel to be spread. Everything falls into a spectrum between two extremes, and Chinese are averse to the extreme. As a result, they don’t have the desire to conquer the world.

Chinese are secular, into making money and living good life. That is why China consider peace and harmony is the highest virtue. War only brings destruction. They dream about winning without fighting. Therefore, China prefer to use diplomacy to solve problem instead of violence.

China wants to make more money by selling more products and more expensive products, which means the buyers need to have money too. Therefore China wants to help others getting rich in order to help himself. After all, it is very unlikely that 20% of world population can live significantly better than the world average. This motivates China to propose OBOR that will make the average citizens of the world more prosperous.

When average citizen, especially the young people in economically deprived area, have more opportunities to improve their lives through their own labor, they will be less likely to devote their lives to fundamentalism, fanaticism , and terrorism. The world will have less conflicts and become a more peaceful place. This is Chinese’s way of fighting terrorism. It is less glorious than American’s way of “shock and awe”, but it will be more fundamental and more lasting.

Another stark contrast worth mentioning is racial identity vs culture identity. We have to admit peoples do have differences among them. The West tend to think the difference is due to race, thus it is immutable. The fact that racism still exists in America after 240 years of existence attests to this understanding.

On the other hand, Chinese is not a single race. Han people varies greatly from north to south. A person from Northeast China looks very different, talks differently, and behaves differently from a person from Canton. It is a stretch that they should all belong to the same race. Therefore the identity of Chinese is not a racial identity but an identity based on culture.

Culture identity is a much stronger assimilating force than racial identity. That is why China is a unified country although it has a vast area, vast differences among peoples living in different regions.

Case in point: Manchu was very distinctive from Chinese, be it spoken or written language, clothes, or customs before their invasion into China. After two hundred years, they become indistinguishable from Chinese.