《纽约时报》秀英式英语,有意思!_风闻
外宣微记-外宣微记官方账号-2022-08-30 18:42

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刚刚读《纽约时报》8月26日文章Bills in Britain Will Soar 80% as Energy Crisis Crashes Into Europe,报道的是英国家庭能源开支飞涨,提到了英国在野党工党的应对主张。请看:
Britain’s opposition Labour Party recently proposedto freeze energytariffswhere they are now, paying part of the £29 billion cost by increasing the so-called windfall taxes that the Conservative government imposed this year on oil and gas giants operating in the North Sea.
这一段最有意思的是“tariff”一词。
此处,“tariff”与进出口的“关税”无关,而是特别英式的用法,意思是“price/fees”。参见《柯林斯高阶词典》释义:
A tariff is the rate at which you are charged for public services such as gas and electricity, or for accommodation and services in a hotel. (BRIT, FORMAL)
把“to freeze energy tariffs where they are now”变换一下措辞,等于“to cap energy costs at the current level”,就是文刀君前文提到的“给家庭能源账单设个上限,超出部分由政府兜着”(参见旧文)。政府兜底,钱从哪儿出?工党建议,给油气巨头加暴利税(windfall tax)。
《纽约时报》这篇文章开篇特地标明“Reporting from London”,作者是美国记者Mark Landler,曾任《纽约时报》驻白宫记者,现为时报驻伦敦分社社长。文内故意用“tariff”的英式用法,显然是入乡随俗。
不过,美国记者的英伦风还是不彻底。文内另一段“露了馅儿”:
In a country where rising prices have become numbingly familiar at gasoline stations and grocery stores, the sheer magnitude of the increase left many slack-jawed.
“gas/gasoline station(加油站)”是美式英语,英式英语多写作“petrol station”。
文刀君曾审阅巴基斯坦人写的一篇稿子,文内提到“基础设施升级改造”,我们一般译为“infrastructure upgrading”,但是巴铁多次写作“infrastructure upgradation”。
“upgradation”这个词虽能看懂,但在词典上不一定查得到。收录这个词的少数词典一般会标注“Indian English”或者“South Asian”,换言之,“upgradation”一词有地域特色,不一定被广大英文母语者接受。
不过,英美大报尚且相互“入乡随俗”,咖喱风的“upgradation”又何妨?
读英美报刊发现,“英式美式澳式”风格转换并不鲜见。英国《卫报》美国版也会故意用美式拼写或美式表达,这背后是一种读者/受众意识。
风格转换无痕,自然技高一筹。可惜,《纽约时报》这篇文章风格转换痕迹略明显,不幸被文刀君发现。诸位读报亦可仔细观察。