我们能做些什么来改善孩子的阅读习惯呢?_风闻

【来源龙腾网】

评论原创翻译：

Judy Lane, 21 year old son and 18 year old daughter. 

朱迪·莱恩， 有个21岁的儿子和一个18岁的女儿

My kids were not interested in reading. It was a fight every time we tried to get them to do it They preferred to have us read to them. They were just not interested.

Then, my son reached 3rd grade and his teacher said to me. “Don’t worry about what he reads, just get him to read something.”

What I knew about was son was that he was a budding comedian. He was already doing schtick (sp?) in school and for our family. I bought him a subscxtion to MAD magazine. This was my favorite when I was a kid and he was pretty much a chip off the old block. He LOVED it! He read every issue from cover to cover. Then, I bought him Walter the Farting Dog and the Captain Underpants series. Same thing. He ate them up like a box of Krispy Kremes.

Within months, he began reading other books. The ones his teacher had around the classroom. His reading level was at 5th grade halfway through the school year.

One day I came home from work to find him lying on the living room floor with a book in each hand, flipping through the pages and moving his head back and forth. He has never stopped and was admitted to UCLA with his highest SAT score in reading. His sister came up right behind him in the same way. She loved scary, spooky stories. We started out with the Goosebumps. Then the Harry Potter series, followed by Twilight. She, too is in college and was systemically reading at 1–2 grade levels above her age.

I was going about it all wrong. I thought they had to read the classics. And, a different one every night. In reality it was just the repetition of reading. Seeing words on the page over and over until they became familiar. The by- product of reading like this is good writing. The more you see words manipulated, the better you become at building a sizeable vocabulary and expressing yourself on the page.

So, big thank you to my kids’ third grade teacher Mrs. Haslet!

我的孩子们对阅读不感兴趣。每当我们试图让他们阅读，都会爆发一次争吵。他们更喜欢我们给他们读书，他们就是对自己读书不感兴趣。

后来，我儿子上三年级了，他的老师对我说。“别担心他读去什么，只要他读就行了。”

我所知道的是儿子开始喜欢喜剧演员。他已经开始在学校和我们家表演魔术了。我给他买了一份《MAD》杂志。这是我小时候最喜欢的，他和我简直就是一个模子刻出来的。他爱它!他把每期杂志从头到尾读了一遍。然后，我给他买了《Walter the Farting Dog 》和《Captain Underpants》系列。同样的，他就像把甜甜圈吃了个精光一样去阅读它们。

几个月后，他开始阅读其他书籍—他的老师在教室里放的那些，他的阅读水平是在五年级学年中等水平。

某天，我下班回家，发现他躺在客厅的地板上，双手各拿一本书，并翻阅着，还来回移动着脑袋。他从未停止阅读，他凭借在SAT（高中升大学的测试）中阅读方面的最好成绩被加州大学洛杉矶分校录取。他的妹妹也以同样的方式跟在他后面。她喜欢恐怖类故事。我们从鸡皮疙瘩开始，然后是《哈利波特》系列，接着是《暮光之城》。她如今也在上大学，她的系统阅读能力是比她的年纪而已要高了1到2级的。

我完全搞错了，我以为他们得读经典。而且每天晚上换一种。实际上，就是重复阅读就好，一次又一次地看到页面上的单词，直到它们变得熟悉为止。这样阅读的好处是有不错的写作能力。你看到的单词越多，你建立的词汇哭越大，就越有能力去表达自己。

所以，非常感谢我孩子们的三年级老师哈斯莱特夫人！

Nan Waldman, Retired. Former Counsel for Parents; Parent x2

Nan Waldman, 退休了，前父母顾问;有2个孩子

It is disturbing to me that so many so-called experts in the field of early education and literacy do not understand that the science of reading should be taught to teachers so that they can apply it to teaching their students to read.

And, to help any child to read, including a struggling reader, parents can also learn how to teach reading. 

By about 8 years old or the third grade, struggling readers are already falling behind their classmates because they cannot access a curriculum which is available to students by reading or accessing text with fluency and comprehension.

让我感到烦恼是，在早期教育和识字领域，这么多所谓的专家不明白，科学的阅读方法应该先教给教师，以便他们能够教会学生如何阅读。

此外，为了帮助孩子阅读，也为了帮助受阅读能力困扰的人，家长也可以去学习如何教授阅读。

到了大约8岁或三年级时，苦受阅读能力困扰的人的阅读能力已经落后于他们的同学，因为他们无法获得课程里面的知识，要知道课程是需要学生有能力去流利且有理解能力的阅读和吸收其知识。

Kids who don’t like to read are probably struggling as readers.

The science of reading includes direct instruction to teach students to distinguish the sounds of our language.

The best approach to teaching reading which I have found is Orton-Gillingham, and the textbook teaching this approach is about $65 new, and well worth its hefty price tag:

I have taught countless hundreds (thousands?!) of people to read with fluency and comprehension using the science of reading — I’ve taught more children than adults. Almost all were struggling as readers when we began.

In the course of a year, working together for about two hours daily four days a week, most students significantly improve their fluency, rate of reading, and their reading comprehension.

For those who prefer a written curriculum so parents can easily homeschool their children and teach them to read without writing a curriculum based on the O-G textbook — and which uses the science of reading and which is of course Orton-Gillingham-based

不喜欢阅读的孩子们很可能为能成为会阅读的人而努力。

阅读科学包括直接指导学生辨别我们语言的发音。

我发现的最好的阅读教学方法是奥尔顿·吉林厄姆（Orton Gillingham）的方法，教这种方法的教科书，新的大约是65美元，它值得如此高价：

我已经教过无数的人使用科学的阅读方式去流利且有理解能力的方式去阅读。我教过的孩子比大人多，我们刚开始阅读的时候，几乎所有人都为成为会阅读的人而困扰。

在一年的时间里，每周四天，每天一起花大约两个小时，大多数学生在阅读时的流利度、阅读速度和阅读理解能力方面显著提高。

对于那些喜欢书面课程的人来说，家长可以轻松地在家教育他们的孩子，教他们阅读，而无需编写基于O-G教科书的课程—该教科书使用了阅读科学，当然是基于奥尔顿·吉林厄姆（Orton Gillingham）的课程基础上的。

The parents who follow me on Twitter, and some on Quora, have experienced an inability of too many public school teachers to teach reading — because they were not taught the science of reading; and because they are given “whole language” or other nonsensical curriculum peddled by educational publishing companies and purchased by school districts. Teachers are often unwittingly forced to use curriculum that isn’t adequate to teach all students to read (because it isn’t based on the science of reading).

There are thousands or millions of parents right now who are extremely angry that their children aren’t learning to read, are struggling, and that school staff is kind and polite and placating, but are not adequately teaching literacy to their children.

Demand that all teachers be credentialed in the science of reading. It should be a requirement to be taught and then tested in the science of reading before a teacher graduates from a teaching program at any college or university.

在Twitter上关注我的家长，以及在Quora上关注我的家长，经历了太多公立学校教师无法教授阅读的经历——因为他们没有被教授阅读的科学；因为他们被教育出版公司兜售并由学区购买的“全语言”或其他无意义的课程。教师经常在无意中被迫使用不能同时满足教所有学生阅读的课程（因为它不是基于阅读科学）。

如今无数家长对此非常愤怒，因为他们的孩子没有学习如何阅读，正在努力学习，学校工作人员善良、礼貌、平和，但没有充分地向他们的孩子传授识字知识。

要求所有的老师都有阅读科学的证书。任何学院或大学的教师在开启教学项目之前，都应该先学习阅读科学方面的能力和经过测试才行。

By reading the Gillingham Manual, you’ll be best able to support your child’s learning needs. Note that the science of reading makes all kids learn better — and is not used exclusively for struggling readers. I actually used it to teach a very motivated and bright 3-year -old to read at a second grade level in three months.

Be patient, enjoy the time you spend teaching, enjoy your child’s learning process, always be enthusiastic, read adult books silently to yourself, as well as children’s books to children at home. Sit together in a cozy chair. Take out books from the library which you can read aloud and which are high interest books above your child’s reading level.

Expanding a child’s vocabulary, modeling the joy of reading, and the sounds of your happy voice as you ask the child what is happening at various parts of the story go very far in motivating a child to want to read.

通过阅读吉林厄姆手册，你将能够最好地满足孩子的学习需求。请注意，阅读科学能让所有的孩子学得更好，而且它并不是专门用于阅读困难的读者。事实上，我用它在三个月内教会一个非常积极、聪明的三岁孩子并令他拥有二年级的阅读水平。

耐心一点，享受你花在教学上的时间，享受孩子的学习过程，总是充满热情，自己也不断阅读成人书籍地同时为家里的孩子阅读儿童书籍—一起坐在舒适的椅子上。从图书馆里借出你能大声朗读的书，这些书超越你孩子阅读水平但有很感兴趣的书。

扩大孩子的词汇量，培养阅读的乐趣，当你问孩子故事的各个部分发生了什么时，你快乐的声音会极大地激发孩子的阅读欲望。

The rest? Reading is a series of skills to be taught with direct instruction in an organized, progressive, multisensory and repetitive manner (repeating so that there is automaticity in recognizing sounds as being embodied in graphemes, the graphic depiction of sound using text).

Acquiring literacy is a process of constantly adding and improving skills. It takes time, application, and a research-validated process (science).

You can do this. A child will love you forever as their reading teacher because you make it possible for them to learn all kinds of new and exciting ideas, through literacy.

其余的呢？阅读是一系列的技能，需要以有组织、循序渐进、多感觉和重复的方式进行直接指导（重复，可以自动识别字母中包含的声音，即使用文本对声音进行图形描述）。

识字是一个不断增加和提高技能的过程。这需要时间、应用和经过研究验证的过程（科学）。

你可以做到的，作为他们的阅读能力方面的老师，孩子们会永远爱你，因为你让他们有可能通过识字来学习各种新的、令人兴奋的想法。