为什么东亚国家普遍要比东南亚发达？_风闻

【来源龙腾网】

评论原创翻译：

Anonymous

Put simply, because of China/Confucianism and India/Hinduism.

South East Asia has been influenced by the Indian style of monarchy. This meant all power was concentrated in the king, without a government. Therefore when he died, there was no succession - everyone could claim his throne, making South East Asia unstable.

East Asia was under Chinese Confucian influence. As Confucianism is very patriarchal, East Asian kingdoms were usually inherited by the king’s eldest son. This was all maintained by a bureaucracy, which South East Asian kingdoms usually lacked.

Confucianism is also more clan-based. East Asians usually had a family tree, which helped them to support each other (for business, power etc). Indianised South East Asians didn’t have such a clan system.

简单地说，就是中国的儒家思想和印度的印度教思想之间存在巨大的区别

东南亚一直受到印度君主制度的影响。这意味着所有的权力都集中在国王手里，没有政府。因此，当国王一死，王位无人继承的时候，所有人都会出来争夺王位，这使得东南亚变得很不稳定

东亚处于中国的儒家思想影响下。由于儒家思想崇尚宗法制度，东亚国家往往是由国王长子继承王位。东亚国家的运行要靠官僚机构维持，而这是东南亚国家所缺乏的。

儒家思想往往以宗族为基础。东亚人往往都会有一本家谱，这有助于他们彼此之间相互帮助。印度化的东南亚人没有这样一个宗族系统。

Sai Sathvik Madisetty

June 19

You have a lot of misconceptions regarding Hindu monarchy system. In Hindu monarchy/law, the father decides which son should inherit the throne. I guess you are referring to Mughal empire and other Islamic Empires. Mughals were strictly following their Turko-Mongol system where the sons fight for inheritance, even though there were only 2 emperors who were not Indianized. The concept of respecting elders and worshipping ancestors is very much part of Hindu/Buddhist/Jain/Sikh philosophy.

你对印度的君主制度有很大的误解。在印度的君主制/法律中，父亲决定由谁来继承自己的王位。我猜你指的是莫卧儿帝国和其他伊斯兰帝国。莫卧儿人严格遵循突厥-蒙古制度，儿子们为继承权而战，尽管只有两个君主没有被印度化。尊敬长辈和崇拜祖先的观念是印度教/佛教/耆那教/锡克教哲学的重要组成部分。

Kenneth Marks, works at Self-Employment

I guess you are referring to China, Japan and Korean. The all have ports for trade and they are educated and spend money on research and development. The south Asian countries leaders are more concerned with their personal wealth first.

我猜你指的是中国，日本和韩国。这些国家都有贸易港口，普及了教育，而且在研发上又投入了大笔资金。南亚国家的领导人更关心他们的个人财富。

Sunataro Suna, studied at MBA in Hospitality and Tourism

Beause the SEA states has been destroyed and robbed by invaders. the colonialism destroyed the local government system for hundreads of years. robbed natural resources, and forced the newly independent states to pay war compensation, thus making the colonized countries lbackward and poor.

因为东南亚的国家遭受到了侵略者的破坏和掠夺。殖民主义破坏了东南亚数百年来的政府系统，他们掠夺自然资源，强迫新独立的国家支付战争赔款，这些做法使得殖民地国家变得落后又贫穷。

Peter Topping, ASEAN nerd, Indonesia fan and Myanmar watcher with Vietnamese neighbours.

Answered November 2, 2018

The East Asian Cultures of Japan, Korea & Taiwan have had the advantage of being defence funded propositions in the period 1945 onward. All have seen billions of dollars of funding from the US and the West into them as buffers against Soviet expansionism. Their products have easy access to rich markets of the United States and the West

东亚文化下的日本韩国和台湾地区拥有一个优势，那就是他们的国防可以获得外部的资助，美国和西方将他们作为对抗苏联的缓冲区，向其投资了数十亿美元。他们的产品可以轻易的进入美国和西方这些富裕国家的市场

They are culturally much more homogenous than the SE Asian nations.

They also have the advantage of not having had a European Colonial History.

They also have had the continuous and stabilising advantage of Centuries of engagement with the Chinese Empire and culture. All developed Chinese cultural traits for respect for authority, study, saving and education which helps with governance and development.

SE Asia has only entered the post colonial and nation building experience in the 50s and 60s and then it was wracked by war and civil conflict.

与东南亚国家相比，东亚国家文化同质性更高

他们还有一个优势就是没有遭受过欧洲的殖民

几个世纪以来，他们一直与中华帝国和中华文化保持着持续稳定的联系。中国先进的文化特征，如尊重权威，崇尚学习，热衷储蓄教育等，都对治理和发展起到了帮助作用。

东南亚在50年代和60年代才进入后殖民国家建设阶段，然后又遭遇了战争和国内冲突的破坏。

Anonymous

Because of the stronger work ethics of East Asians in general. Those countries also belong to the Sinosphere. No seriously, here’s why..

Industrialisation

Japan and Korea industrialized earlier at the turn of the century followed by China. Japan and China escaped colonialism. Most South East Asian countries did not industrialized as fast for social and political reasons.

是因为东亚人的职业道德普遍较高，这些国家都属于中华文化圈，说真的，不是这样的，原因在于：

工业化

日本和韩国工业化较早，中国紧随其后。中国和日本摆脱了殖民主义，由于社会和政治原因，大部分东南亚国家工业化速度很慢

Access to port is another key advantage East Asian cities had. The most important cities in China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan tend to be located along the coast, many were established by European traders to begin with. The advantage of having many port cities is that it is easier to conduct international trade through shipping, transportation of raw materials and development of the local steel industries.

东亚城市的另一个优势就是接近港口。中国、日本、韩国和台湾地区最重要的城市往往位于沿海地区，许多城市刚开始往往是欧洲商人建立的。拥有许多港口城市的优势在于，通过海运可以更容易的进行国际贸易，可以方便原材料的运输和当地钢铁行业的发展。

Development in South East Asian countries are concentrated in a few centres over vast jurisdictions, partly due to the “divide and conquer” policy of their former colonial masters. Countries like the Phillipines and Indonesia cover large archipelago with thousands of islands.

东南亚国家的发展集中在少数几个行政区中心，部分原因在于前殖民统治者对其实行的分而治之的政策。像菲律宾和印尼这样的国家就是由数千个岛屿组成的群岛。

Internal conflicts

Chinese, Japanese and South Korean societies are largely harmoneous. The population are largely ethnically homogeneous. On the other hand, countries such as Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia suffered from years of internal conflicts, civil wars, insurgencies and repressive government regimes.

内部冲突

中国、日本和韩国社会在很大程度上是和谐的。这些国家的人口大部分是由同一种族组成。另一方面，缅甸、越南、老挝和柬埔寨等国多年来饱受内部冲突、内战、叛乱和专制政府的蹂躏。

Government system

Japan, South Korea and Taiwan have adopted western style parliamentary democracy. South East Asian countries were ruled by dictators/military junta up until the late 1980s (the Phillipines) or 1990s (Indonesia, Myanmar).

Savings

East Asian countries tend to save more than their South East Asian counterparts. This means they can draw from domestic source for their borrowings.

政府制度

日本，韩国和台湾地区实行西方议会民主制度。但东南亚国家直到上世纪80年代（菲律宾）90年代（印尼，缅甸）都是由军政府独裁统治的。

储蓄

东亚国家的储蓄率往往要比东南亚国家要高。这意味着东亚国家可以直接从国内借款。

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Trade with the US

East Asian countries benefit from stronger bilateral trade relationships with the US. The US pumped a lot of investment into those countries, leading to both transfer of capital and technology. Now have a look at the value of bilateral trades:

US-China trade $578 billion, US-Japan $195 billion, US-S.Korea $112 billion, US-Taiwan $65.3 billion

Meanwhile the US trade with Indonesia (South East Asia’s largest economy) is worth only $25 billion a year.

与美国贸易

东亚国家与美国的双边贸易关系更强，这给他们带来了很大的好处。美国向这些国家注入了大量投资，导致了资本和技术的转移。现在看看东亚国家和美国的双边贸易额：

美国和中国贸易额5780亿美元，美国和日本贸易额1950亿美元，美国和韩国贸易额1120亿美元，美国和台湾地区贸易额653亿美元

与此同时，美国与东南亚最大经济体印尼的贸易额每年只有250亿美元

James Luong , East Asian researcher

Personally, I think it has to do with both a country’s potential, culture and history. Let’s compare four countries: China, Korea, Vietnam, Singapore.

我个人认为，这与一个国家的潜力、文化和历史都有关系。以下四个国家我们可以比较一下：中国，韩国，越南和新加坡