特斯拉游说英国提高汽油和柴油税_风闻

【来源龙腾网】

正文原创翻译：

Elon Musk’s Tesla lobbied UK to raise tax on petrol and diesel

-Electric carmaker’s submission to the government said grants for battery powered cars could be revenue-neutral

埃隆·马斯克的特斯拉游说英国提高汽油和柴油税

——电动汽车制造商向政府提交的报告称，对电池驱动汽车的补贴可能不会影响财政收支平衡

(A Tesla Model Y Long Range on display. The company told the UK government that making fossil-fuelled cars pay for the damage they do to the environment was ‘entirely reasonable and logical’.)

（特斯拉Model Y长航程版展示。该公司告诉英国政府，让化石燃料汽车为它们对环境的破坏买单是“完全合理和合乎逻辑的”。）

新闻：

Elon Musk’s Tesla lobbied the UK government to raise taxes on petrol and diesel cars in order to fund bigger subsidies for electric vehicles, alongside a ban on hybrids.

埃隆·马斯克领导的特斯拉游说英国政府提高汽油和柴油汽车的税率，以便为电动汽车提供更多补贴，同时禁止使用混合动力车。

The US electric car pioneer called for a rise in fuel duty and a charge on petrol and diesel car purchases to pay for grants and tax breaks such as a VAT exemption for battery-powered cars, according to submissions to the government seen by the Guardian.

据《卫报》所见，这家美国电动汽车行业的领头羊向政府提交的意见书称，该公司呼吁提高燃油税，并对购买汽油和柴油汽车收费，以支付补贴和税收减免，比如对电池驱动汽车免征增值税。

The proposals would theoretically add thousands of pounds to the cost of a new petrol or diesel car, while making electric cars cheaper.

理论上，该提议将使一辆新的汽油或柴油汽车的成本增加数千英镑，同时使电动汽车更便宜。

“Supporting zero-emissions vehicle uptake via mechanisms to make new fossil-fuelled cars pay for the damage they cause is entirely reasonable and logical,” Tesla wrote in a submission in July last year. “The result can be a revenue-neutral system for the government.”

特斯拉在去年7月提交的一份报告中写道：“通过让新的化石燃料汽车为它们造成的损害买单的机制，支持零排放汽车的使用，是完全合理和合乎逻辑的。结果可能是为政府创造一个收支平衡的体系。”

Higher taxes on fossil fuels are seen by many environmental campaigners as a key part of tackling the climate crisis. However, governments fearful of a political backlash such as France’s gilets jaunes (yellow vests) protests have proven reluctant to raise short-term costs for drivers. In the UK the Conservative government has frozen fuel duty for 11 years, a subsidy for petrol and diesel that has been worth more than £50bn.

许多环保人士认为，提高化石燃料税是解决气候危机的关键部分。然而，由于害怕政治反弹，比如法国的黄背心抗议，政府不愿意提高司机的短期成本。在英国，保守党政府已将燃油税冻结了11年，这是一项价值逾500亿英镑的汽油和柴油补贴。

Musk, Tesla’s chief executive, has pioneered mass production of electric vehicles to tackle carbon emissions from transport, although the company’s purchase of $1.5bn (£1.1bn) in bitcoin has been criticised by some environmental campaigners because of the cryptocurrency’s high energy use.

特斯拉首席执行官马斯克率先大规模生产电动汽车，以解决交通运输中的碳排放问题，尽管该公司购买价值15亿美元（合11亿英镑）的比特币的行为遭到了一些环保人士的批评，因为这种加密货币的能耗很高。

Tesla’s views on fossil fuel bans set it at odds with many of its rivals in the car industry, which have lobbied intensely against government proposals to ban all petrol and diesel cars, including hybrids, in 2030. In November the government said hybrids would be allowed until 2035, a relief to many traditional carmakers which still make large profits from fossil fuel engines.

特斯拉关于化石燃料禁令的观点，与汽车行业的许多竞争对手产生了分歧。这些竞争对手一直在大力游说，反对政府在2030年禁止所有汽油和柴油汽车（包括混合动力车）的提议。去年11月，政府表示，混合动力汽车将被允许使用到2035年，这让许多传统汽车制造商松了一口气，因为它们仍然在从化石燃料发动机中获得巨额利润。

Tesla was the only carmaker in the submissions reviewed by the Guardian which argued in favour of a total ban on all petrol and diesel cars, including a ban by 2032 on hybrids, which combine batteries with an internal combustion engine. That would be in line with the UK’s Committee on Climate Change, which said hybrids should be banned in 2032.

在《卫报》看到的提交材料中，特斯拉是唯一一家支持全面禁止所有汽油和柴油汽车的汽车制造商，包括到2032年禁止混合动力车（这种混合动力车将电池与内燃机结合在一起）的企业。这将与英国气候变化委员会的意见保持一致，该委员会表示，混合动力车应该在2032年被禁止。

Research by InfluenceMap, a lobbying monitor, found that carmakers “opposing higher climate ambition” have met the UK government more often than those that generally supported a faster transition. Between 2017 and 2020 the government met those opposed 209 times, compared with 153 for more supportive companies.

游说监督机构“影响力地图”的研究发现，“反对更高气候变化目标”的汽车制造商与英国政府会面的频率，高于那些普遍支持更快转型的汽车制造商。在2017年至2020年期间，政府与表示反对的企业会面了209次，而支持度更高的企业会面了153次。

Tesla argued that £3,000 grants for new electric cars could be “revenue-neutral” at about £49 per petrol or diesel car sold in 2019. However, that would have to rise to about £750 per petrol or diesel car once electric car market share reached 20%. Grants would directly benefit Tesla sales.

特斯拉辩称，用于新电动汽车的3000英镑补贴，在2019年每辆销售的汽油或柴油汽车加税大约49英镑时可能实现财政“收支平衡”。然而，一旦电动汽车的市场份额达到20%，每辆汽油车或柴油车的加税将升至750英镑左右。补贴将直接有利于特斯拉的销售。

Tesla also argued that car manufacturers should be forced to sell a certain proportion of zero-emission vehicles – a “zero-emissions mandate” similar to the company’s home state of California. Other proposals included paying people to switch away from older polluting vehicles, tax breaks for corporate car users, and a “charging promise” that the government would install chargers on any street in the UK when requested.

特斯拉还提出，应该强制汽车制造商销售一定比例的零排放汽车——一项类似于该公司总部所在的加利福尼亚州的“零排放规定”。其他建议包括向人们支付费用，让他们不再使用老旧的污染车辆，对公用车用户减税，以及政府在英国任何街道上安装充电器的“可充电承诺”。

Tesla did not respond to a request for comment.

特斯拉没有回应本报的置评请求。