法国公民高大伟：致为法国亮灯的中国朋友的公开信

在巴黎发生恐怖屠杀的第二天晚上，中国上海东方明珠塔亮起了红白蓝三色的灯，以“法兰西色”声援法国人民。11月17日，法国总统奥朗德在联合国教科文组织发表讲话，感谢悉尼歌剧院、柏林勃兰登堡门、埃及金字塔、纽约大都会歌剧院、上海东方明珠塔，以及世界各地的人们，在法兰西民族最艰难的时刻伸出了友谊之手。

夺走129条人命的凶手们或许希望通过11月13日在法国首都的暴行分裂法兰西民族，然而他们只使法国打击恐怖主义的决心更加坚定；凶手们本指望扩大国际社会的裂痕，但他们的野蛮行径却遭到了所有人的一致谴责。

但随着法国总统宣布向他口中的“恐怖分子军队”开战，你们，我亲爱的中国朋友，开始审视奥朗德对巴黎恐袭惨案的回应，以及其将造成的长期影响。法国这样一个古老的欧洲国家，难道竟要效仿911事件后的美国，在中东地区重蹈其覆辙吗？ 11.13事件后的法国不应该成为9.11事件后的美国，而且事实上，法国的确不是美国。

当年，在遭受基地组织袭击后，美国知识界缺乏真正深刻的讨论。然而如今，距离巴黎恐袭只过去数天，许多观点已经开始对法国社会造成影响：有些人已经做好准备接受战争的逻辑，但另一些人则出言告诫不可轻易言战。此时此刻，法国人团结在一起，但他们拒绝盲目采取行动。

2003年2月，联合国安理会讨论伊拉克的命运，时任法国外长的多米尼克·德维尔潘说道：“没人敢宣称战争之路能带我们走向一个更安全、更公正和更稳定的世界。战争永远是对失败的惩罚。此时，我们面临着众多挑战，难道战争是唯一可依靠的手段吗？”直到今天，这段掷地有声的话仍然在法国人心中回荡。

时间证明，希拉克政府的外交部长没有说错，伊拉克战争的确没能带来一个更安全的世界。在萨达姆·侯赛因垮台的11年后，极端组织“伊斯兰国”的领导人阿布·巴克尔·巴格达迪自封为哈里发，并为想象中的“哈里发国”划定疆域：西起地中海，东抵中国新疆。

“伊斯兰国”诞生并发展壮大，在很大程度上得归因于小布什政府的外交政策。如今该组织不但盘踞在伊拉克和叙利亚，而且控制了利比亚、埃及西奈半岛、尼日利亚和阿富汗的部分地区，甚至开始在全球范围内推行其圣战。正是这种“领土化的恐怖主义”，使“伊斯兰国”能够在远离其控制范围的地方发动袭击。

法国的地理位置、圣战者数量、以及近期在非洲和中东的行动，或许可以解释为什么恐怖分子将法国作为袭击目标。但作为曾经反对小布什政策的国家，法国的确应该拿出勇气和政治智慧，来应对“伊斯兰国”带来的长期挑战。

法国不单要铭记保护本国公民的直接责任，还应当努力为自身的长期安全创造条件。法国应避免强化那些曾导致“伊斯兰国”诞生的原因，它必须通过一切手段消除自身受到的威胁，但也须兼顾国内外各种复杂因素，防止它们滋生对法兰西文明的仇恨。

秉承德维尔潘2003年的讲话精神，法国终将击败恐怖主义，正如恐怖虽给光之城蒙上了阴影，但理智和洞察力终将突破混乱与黑暗。

恐怖主义已经在中国夺走了许多人的生命，并可能再次造成伤害。如果有一天，恐怖再次降临乌鲁木齐、昆明和北京，那些曾在东方明珠塔为法国亮灯的人们一定会把目光投向巴黎，希望西方能认识到这股在中国兴风作浪的势力正是巴黎恐袭的制造者，他们必须被彻底肃清。

11月30日，奥朗德、欧盟领导人、俄罗斯总统普京、美国总统奥巴马和中国主席习近平将齐聚巴黎，出席联合国气候变化大会的开幕式。大会主旨是更好地保护我们的地球，它也为各国领袖们提供了良好的契机，他们可以向全世界宣布：在与恐怖主义长期艰巨的作战中，各国将站在同一条战线上。

在守卫全人类的事业上，他们团结一致，既有勇气直面最可怕的暴力，也将以智慧与道德力量去化解蒙昧与狂热。他们预示着，生命和文明必将取得最后的胜利。

（作者高大伟是在上海居住的法国公民）

翻页查看英文原文

An Open Letter To The Chinese Friends Who Lit Up The Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower With The Colors Of The French Flag

The night following the Paris massacre, China has expressed her solidarity with the French people by displaying the colors of the French flag on the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower. When the French President François Hollande spoke at the UNESCO four days after the tragedy, he mentioned with gratitude the expressions of friendship which came from all over the world at a difficult moment for the French nation, from the Sydney Opera, the Brandenburg Gate, the Pyramids of Egypt, the New York Metropolitan Opera and the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower.

The killers who executed 129 human beings on November 13 in the French capital might have hoped to divide the French nation, they have only hardened her resolve to fight terrorism, they were expecting the fractures of the international community to widen, they have generated a truly universal condemnation of their barbarity.

But with the French President’s declaration of war against what he called an “army of terrorists”, you, dear Chinese Francophiles, are having interrogations about the nature of François Hollande’s answer to the November 13 tragedy and its long term effects. Could an ancient European country like France repeat the post September 11 American tragic mistakes in the Middle East? Post November 13 France should not be post September 11 America, and, in fact, it is not.

While genuine intellectual debates were absent in the US after al-Qaeda’s attacks, a plurality of views is already at work in the post November 13 French society, some might be ready to assume a logic of war but others have warned against it, the nation stands as one but refuses to move blindly.

In France, the words pronounced by the French foreign minister Dominique de Villepin in February 2003 when the United Nations Security Council was discussing the fate of Iraq, still resonate : “No one can claim that the path of war might lead to a safer, more just and more stable world. For war is always the sanction of failure. Would this be our sole recourse in the face of the many challenges at this time? ”

Time has proved the foreign minister of President Jacques Chirac to be right, the war in Iraq did not lead to a safer world, 11 years after the fall of Saddam Hussein, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, leader of ISIS, proclaimed the establishment of a caliphate spanning on his imaginary map from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea to China’s Xinjiang.

ISIS, which was born and has developed in a context largely created by G.W. Bush’s foreign policy, is globalizing its jihad while it is in control of territories in Iraq and in Syria but also in Libya, Egypt’s Sinai, Nigeria and Afghanistan. It is ISIS’ “territorialized terrorism” which gives it the strength to strike far away from the territories it brutally rules.

Geography, the number of French jihadists and arguably some of the most recent French actions in Africa and in the Middle East might explain why terrorists are targeting France, but the country which opposed G.W. Bush’s policies is also in a position to combine courage and political wisdom in her answer to the long term challenges posed by the Islamic State.

Having in mind the immediate protection of her citizens but also trying to create the long term conditions of her security, France should avoid to reinforce the causes which led to the creation of ISIS, she has certainly to neutralize by all possible means the forces which threaten her, but she has also to address the complex factors, internal and external, which generate hatred against the civilization she represents.

It is with the spirit which animated its 2003 discourse that France will defeat terrorism on the long run, terror has shocked the City of Light, but reason and lucidity will overcome chaos and darkness.

The follies of terrorism which have too often killed within China could sadly hurt her again, should it happen, those who lit up the Shanghai Oriental Pearl Tower with the colors of France will certainly look at Paris’ reaction with the hope that always more people in the West recognize that the destructive forces which killed in Paris have also to be eliminated when they menace Urumqi, Kunming or Beijing.

On November 30, on the occasion of the opening of the United Nations Climate Change Conference, François Hollande, the leaders of the European Union, Vladimir Putin, Barack Obama and Xi Jinping will gather in Paris in order to find an agreement to better protect our planet. It will be an opportunity for them to announce to the world that we stand all together in a long and complex fight against terror.

United in defense of mankind, with the courage to confront the most terrible violence but also with the intellectual and moral force to address the complex causes of obscurantism and fanaticism, they will signal that life and civilization will inevitably prevail.

(David Gosset Is A French Citizen Living In Shanghai.)

（观察者网杨晗轶译）

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